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Baron Carl von Rokitansky ((ドイツ語:Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky), (チェコ語:Karel Rokytanský)) (19 February 1804 – 23 July 1878), was a Bohemian physician, pathologist, humanist philosopher and liberal politician. ==Medical career== Carl von Rokitansky was born in Hradec Králové ((ドイツ語:Königgrätz)), Bohemia. He studied at the Charles University in Prague (1821–1824) and attained a doctorate in medicine on 6 March 1828 at the University of Vienna. Soon afterwards he became assistant to Johann Wagner, the professor of pathological anatomy, and succeeded him in 1834 as prosector, being at the same time made extraordinary professor. He became a full professor ten years later. To his duties as a teacher, he added in 1847 the onerous office of medico-legal anatomist to the city of Vienna. In 1863 he was appointed by Anton von Schmerling as medical adviser to the Ministry of the Interior, wherein he advised on all routine matters of medical teaching, including patronage. As a young professor, Rokitansky recognized that the still little noted discipline of pathological anatomy could be of great service to clinical work in the hospital, because it could offer new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities to the bed-side physician. With this, after Gerard van Swieten, who was the founder of the first Vienna School, Rokitansky released a veritable scientific "revolution". With the establishment of the second Vienna School, a paradigm shift went into effect, led by Rokitansky, Josef Škoda and Ferdinand von Hebra, from the notion of medicine as a branch of natural philosophy, to the more modern notion of it as a science. In this way associated with the specialization of the medicine and with the development of new disciplines, the Vienna School achieved worldwide reputation. Rokitansky's name is associated with the following diseases/morphologic features of disease: *Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome *Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome *Rokitansky's diverticulum *Rokitansky's triad (pulmonary stenosis) *Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses (in the gallbladder) *Rokitansky-Cushing ulcer *Rokitansky-Maude Abbott syndrome *Von Rokitansky's syndrome *Rokitansky nodule – teratomas *Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (levo-Transposition of the great arteries) He also developed a method of autopsy which consisted mainly of in situ dissection. Rokitansky is said "to have supervised 70,000 autopsies, and personally performed over 30,000, averaging two a day, seven days a week, for 45 years".〔http://www.medicinenet.com/autopsy/page4.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carl von Rokitansky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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